How to harness your power

Coach Deena Blacking strips away the false promises and explains how to be wise about watts.

“As far as I'm aware, no bike race has even been won on a power meter," said Peter Sagan, triple road world champion and the owner of more points jerseys than there are days in a Grand Tour. And yet, if you were to believe the chat on your Saturday morning Zwift ride, you could be forgiven for imagining that power was the be-all and end-all of cycling success.

These days, most cyclists who follow structured training use power. The advent of online power-based training platforms, and with companies like Velon making power part of live racing coverage, performance data is a major currency for everyday cyclists, not just the pros. Never mind “if it wasn’t on Strava, it didn’t happen”, it’s almost as though rides without attached power files don’t count anymore.

The first power meter was invented more than 30 years ago by SRM, but it wasn’t until the mid 2010s that power meters became widely accessible to mere mortals (i.e. amateur cyclists). In 2006, Hunter Allen and Andy Coggan published the first edition of  Training and Racing with a Power Meter, then the only such guide available. Today you can find a near limitless supply of research papers, podcasts, books (and Cycling Weekly features) to help you make sense of how to use a power meter.

>>>> Best power meters - everything you need to know

In fact, modern cycling fans react with dismay when a pro races without a power meter. This may be an ominous sign of over-dependence of this form of performance measurement. Power is definitely a valuable tool in the cyclist’s toolbox, but it is far from everything. In the words of Sagan, “Nobody ever got points for wearing the Maximum Output jersey.” And Sagan knows a thing or two about how to command a pushbike.

So what’s a watt? Is it the same as the watt powering your toaster? More or less, yes. Just type ‘Cyclist vs. Toaster’ into YouTube and see for yourself. The watt is the standard unit of measurement for power, and it’s been around for nearly 140 years, thanks to Scottish engineer James Watt.

Power is the rate at which energy is used over time. Power is the work that a cyclist does to propel the bike forward. The more energy we expend, the further and faster we go. The scientific equation is this: power equals force times velocity, i.e. the result of the effort you push through the pedals (force, or torque), and how fast you push those pedals (velocity, or cadence).

For the same power output, you can choose to rely more on the torque (grind), or more on speed (a high cadence). Generally speaking, more torque means more stress on your muscles; higher cadence means more stress on your heart. If you’re climbing up a hill, do you tend to grind or spin? Not all watts are created equal. Understanding how you produce power is key to knowing how to use it better.

You can read the full feature in this week's issue of Cycling Weekly magazine, on sale February 18. If you're staying in you can order single issues online or subscribe for a reduced quarterly rate of £28.99, that's just £2.40 per issue.