Make life harder for wheelsuckers

Wind tunnel tests have given new clues on how to make aerodynamics work for you - and against your rivals.

Up to 90% of a cyclist's energy is used to push air out of the way but it's possible to halve the effort by drafting - hitching a ride.

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Now, for the first time in the real world, it's been proved that it's not only the cyclist in the slipstream who gets an easier ride. The lead rider also gets an aerodynamic boost from the wheelsucker - of more than 5%.

Before these Australian experiments, this magic boost for the leader had been only a theory, developed from simulations of airflow around virtual cyclists. Now we know it really happens.

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The airflow leaving the front rider is smoothed, cutting turbulence and stopping a low pressure wake from holding them back, simply by having someone close behind.

How much difference does an aero bike really make? 

Get help without helping

Of course, there's nothing more annoying than a persistent wheelsucker so it's good to see that the same research shows how a canny leader can still get a good boost but reduce the aero benefit being enjoyed behind.

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The trick to make life harder for wheelsuckers is to keep the drafter away from the perfect following line. If their front wheel is as little as 27.5cm to one side of the leader's rear wheel, their energy savings plummet. Curiously, this has almost no impact on the 5% boost experienced by the leader.

The drafter may still be saving 20% of their energy but it's a lot lower than the 49% they'd save if they were allowed to follow the line exactly. Meanwhile, the aero boost to the leader barely falls at all.

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So, if you're in front and your rival won't take their turn, try to keep changing course. They'll have to work harder while still boosting you a little.

Sprint apart, not together

One more finding from the Australian wind tunnel tests confirms that when the wheelsucker decides to attack, it's best for you both to get as much distance as possible between your bars.

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If you race shoulder to shoulder each of you will be fighting 6% more drag than if you're side by side but 1.5 metres apart.

"The effect of spatial position on the aerodynamic interactions between cyclists" by Nathan Barry, John Sheridan, David Burton, Nicholas A.T. Brown is published in Procedia Engineering 72

Max Glaskin is an award-winning freelance journalist who tweets about cycling and science as @CyclingScience1 and is the author of Cycling Science (published by Frances Lincoln UK, Chicago University Press USA, and seven other languages).